A group of people assigned to assess proposed changes to determine whether they are legitimate and, if so, adequately define the vertical and horizontal integration of associated tasks across a project.
A good Change Board can make a project run very smoothly, even if management is idiots. A bad one can make an unrecoverable mess even if management is competent. Given the choice between a bad board and bad management, I’d take the bad management every time. Until management re-staffs the board, in which case it is time to look for that next assignment.